Printed polymer shape memory structures

Abstract

Structures with shape memory behavior are a key area of research in adaptronics. 4D printing enables the additive manufacturing of such shape memory structures. Shape memory allows a structure to change shape in response to external stimuli, such as temperature, electric or magnetic fields, or light. This project uses printable thermoplastic polymers to create shape memory structures through 4D printing.

For reliable shape memory behavior, the material must be characterized through thermo-mechanical testing, such as dynamic mechanical analysis or controlled testing of the shape memory cycle. During the 4D printing process, the thermoplastic polymer is melted, pre-stressed, and cooled—requiring a detailed understanding of the material’s rheology. Rheometer tests are planned for this purpose.

The goal of the project is to simulate shape memory behavior and enable structural design as well as the identification of key process parameters for 4D-printed shape memory structures. The project aims to analyze the entire process chain—from material selection and design to printing parameters and stimulus activation parameters. This is intended to bring 4D printing a step closer to industrial application.