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Logo Institut für Elektrische Messtechnik und Grundlagen der Elektrotechnik der TU Braunschweig
Graduate Theses Offered
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Graduate Theses Offered

Graduate theses | Prof. Dr. Meinhard Schilling

MA | Current measurement with very wide dynamic range
Universalzähler
Universalzähler

The universal meter with a very large dynamic range created at the institute is to be used for current measurement using the dual-slope method. The total current is to be divided into many current paths and these are to be measured individually using the dual-slope method. Currents from milliamperes down to picoamperes are to be measured. Of particular interest here is the measurement uncertainty that can be achieved for the total current in this way. A local atomic clock can be used to improve the time measurement for current integration.

Prior knowledge: DMM lecture

Keywords: electronics, frequency measurement

MA | Dual-slope analogue-to-digital conversion with very wide dynamic range
Universalzähler
Universalzähler

We want to investigate how electrical voltages with very large dynamics can be measured in measurement technology. In other words, how to separate very small voltages from simultaneously measured very large voltages, e.g. 10V amplitude of a sinusoidal signal from 1 nV amplitude of a sinusoidal signal of a different frequency. To do this, we want to use a universal counter with a very large dynamic range using the dual-slope method and test signal processing with 64-bit numbers.

Prior knowledge: DMM lecture

Keywords: electronics, frequency measurement

Prof. Dr. Meinhard Schilling

 

Graduate Theses | Prof. Dr. Oleksandr Dobrovolskiy

MA | Superconducting Bolometer upon a 3D Nanohelix
BA/MA | Microwave Resonator on Fractional Flux Quanta
BA/MA | Probes for Cryogenic Quantum Electronic Devices
BA/MA | Microwave Antennas for Spin-Wave Excitation
BA/MA | Electrical Probing of Magnetic 3D Nanoarchitectures

Additive nanotechnology (e.g., nanoprinting) enables complex-shaped magnetic 3D architectures with diverse magnetic textures. This project aims to model the magnetic configurations of 3D nanoarchitectures and to probe their state via magneto-resistance measurements.

Prior knowledge: Electronics, programming

Keywords: 3D nanoarchitectures, MuMax3, magnetism, magnetoresistance

BA/MA | Superconducting Electronics via COMSOL Modelling

A finite element solver such as COMSOL enables modelling tasks for superconducting electronics. The aim of this thesis is to apply established theoretical models to model the electromagnetic properties of superconductors and to design cryogenic electronic devices.

Prior knowledge: Programming, electrical measurement technology

Keywords: COMSOL Multiphysics, superconductivity, electronic devices

Prof. Dr. Oleksandr Dobrovolskiy

Graduate Theses | Dr.-Ing. Thilo Viereck

MA | MPS hardware for SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays
Coronavirus
Coronavirus

Our interdisciplinary group for magnetic nanoparticles at the EMG is currently developing a highly sensitive and specific detection method for SARS-CoV-2 viruses based on magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS). We are now looking for short-term support in the hardware team. As part of the master's thesis, new hardware concepts (amplifiers, coils, etc.) are to be developed and tested with the aim of further improving the detection limit for virus detection.


Prior knowledge: Hardware hobbyist, programming skills C-family (C, C++, C#)

Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticles, virus detection

BA | µC board for controlling DC displacement fields in MPI

The EMG has developed a hybrid system that combines tomographic imaging in magnetic particle imaging (MPI) with alternating magnetic field heating in order to achieve the targeted release of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Low-frequency magnetic fields are generated via coils for localised control. In order to realise a cost-efficient prototype, a commercial DC current source is to be extended to a bipolar source by means of a relay circuit, the control of which is realised via a microcontroller board with ModBus interface (or comparable).

Prior knowledge: C/C#, ESP32, bus protocols (recommended)

Keywords: microcontroller, electronics, programming

BA/MA | Mouse bed for MPI

The first animal experiments with a Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) system built at EMG are to begin at Hannover Medical School (MHH) in 2025. The test animal (mouse) will be put under anaesthesia for imaging and will then be fixed in a simple 3D-printed holder ("mouse bed") in the imaging system. Ideally, at least one vital parameter (e.g. respiration, temperature, ECG, etc.) should be recorded. This topic is suitable for a Bachelor's or Master's thesis.


Prior knowledge: CAD, 3D printing, electronics

Keywords: electronics, CAD / 3D printing, small animal imaging

BA/MA | Inductor for magnetic heating

A magnetic inductor (= heating system) is to be constructed for the inductive heating of samples with magnetic nanoparticles. There is already a prototype based on ZVS technology (zero voltage switching) with very simple electronics. As part of this thesis, new electronics for (S)PWM-based control of the power signal with frequency and amplitude control are now to be realised. The inverter output stage will also be optimised for longer operating times.


Prior knowledge: Electronics / hobbyist, microcontroller, possibly ASIC

Keywords: microcontroller, electronics, programming

BA/MA | PacMan with magnetic nanoparticles

Magnetic tweezers are used for the contactless manipulation of magnetic particles using magnetic fields. An experimental prototype of a magnetic field system was set up in an earlier master's thesis. Now the particles are to be moved along defined paths in the microscope (PacMan in the labyrinth). For this purpose, the setup must be improved in some places and a corresponding control must be realised in software. The objective of the work is widely adaptable as a Bachelor's or Master's thesis.

Prior knowledge: None

Keywords: magnetic tweezers, microscopy, programming

Dr.-Ing. Thilo Viereck

 

Graduate theses | Janine Gläßner

BA/MA | Data acquisition of a brain-computer interface with a Teensy 4.1
Datenerfassung eines Brain-Computer-Interface mit einem Teensy 4.1
Datenerfassung eines Brain-Computer-Interface mit einem Teensy 4.1

The Institute of Electrical Measurement Technology and Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering and Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences are collaborating on research into a brain-computer interface (BCI). Textile electrodes are used to measure signals from the brain. The BCI is used to measure visual stimuli that are to be used to control an assistance robot in care. Up to now, the system has used an ATmega microcontroller to record data. This is to be replaced with a Teensy. To this end, the software is to be adapted for use with the Teensy as part of this project.

Previous knowledge: Microcontroller programming and C programming desirable

Keywords: microcontroller, C programming

BA/MA | Insole for measuring the pressure distribution of the foot
Einlegesohle zur Messung der Druckverteilung des Fußes
Aufbau einer Einlegesohle zur Messung der Druckverteilung des Fußes

Capacitive sensors can be used to measure pressure differences, among other things.This makes it possible to determine the pressure distribution of the foot using a simple insole equipped with capacitive sensors. As part of the work, an initial construction of such a sole is to be built. In addition, the required software for the microcontroller is to be developed.

Prior knowledge: Programming knowledge and experience in hardware development desirable

Keywords: microcontroller, C programming, circuit design, circuit construction

Janine Gläßner

 

Graduate theses | Mona Khazaeizadeh, M. Sc.

Limits of quantum-accurate current measurement over a wide dynamic range
Universalzähler
Universalzähler

This thesis contributes to our new measuring device, which is able to measure from very low currents in the picoampere range up to 1 ampere.  Derived from the redefinition of the ampere, which is based on counting the exact number of elementary charges, we are developing a new measuring device for quantum-precise current measurement.

We are using current-compensated and temperature-independent current-to-frequency converters. The task is to realise parallel working, symmetrical linear I/F converters that process current measurement dynamics of up to 1015 in order to create a homogeneous environment that is less susceptible to current leakage and compensation.

Prerequisite: electronics design, analogue electronics

Mona Khazaeizadeh

 

Graduate theses | Julius Mumme, M. Sc.

BA/MA | Cryogenic preamplifier for recording measurement data in the THz microscope
Kryogener Vorverstärker
Kryogener Vorverstärker

The emg has developed a THz microscope with which it is possible to measure THz and GHz fields with spatial and frequency resolution. The sensor used is a so-called Josephson contact, which makes it possible to draw conclusions about radiated frequencies and their amplitudes simply by measuring its low-frequency current-voltage characteristic. New measurement electronics were developed to extend the measurement setup. In order to further reduce its noise, an analogue preamplifier is to be designed and tested as part of this thesis which, in contrast to the rest of the electronics, is operated at 40 K to minimise thermal noise.

Keywords: measurement electronics, preamplifier, cryogenic, analogue, low noise

Julius Mumme, M. Sc.

 

Graduate theses | Marius Neumann, M. Sc.

BA/MA | Simulation of microwave components in the THz frequency range
3D-Bild einer Intensivverteilung
3D-Bild einer Intensivverteilung

The THz microscope at LENA can be used to measure electromagnetic radiation in the THz frequency range. A so-called Josephson cantilever is used to record three-dimensional images of intensity distributions. This system is to be expanded in future to include phase measurement. Additional microwave circuits on the cantilever are required for this phase measurement.

Previous knowledge: High frequency technology, superconductivity

Keywords: THz microscope, microwave simulation

Marius Neumann

 

Graduate theses | Max Pröpper

BA/MA | Simulation and measurement of antennas for Josephson contact arrays
Josephson-Kontakt-Array
Josephson-Kontakt-Array

Components made from the superconductor YBCO are manufactured and analysed at the institute. These include Josephson junction (JJ) arrays, i.e. the series connection of several JJs, which are to be used for the Volt standard. Antenna structures are to be provided on the chip in order to improve field coupling. As part of this thesis, the existing antenna structures are to be evaluated and optimised. Subsequently, samples with these antenna structures will be produced and measured under high-frequency irradiation.

Prior knowledge: Enthusiasm for scientific work, careful and independent work

Keywords: simulation, antennas, CST Studio, YBCO

Max Pröpper

 

Graduate theses | Julius Ritter, M. Sc.

MA | Simulation and measurement of antennas in the gigahertz to terahertz range
THz-Antenne
THz-Antenne

In the THz microscope at the EMG, three-dimensional field distributions are measured with a sensor up to around 5 THz. The sensor is a so-called Josephson cantilever, which consists of a high-temperature superconductor on a substrate. In order to achieve a high sensitivity of the sensor, antennas are used to improve the field coupling. As part of this final thesis, our new manufacturing process will be used to improve proven antennas and design new antennas. Together with customised filter circuits, the components will then be measured under a THz microscope.

Previous knowledge: Basic understanding of electromagnetic fields

Keywords: simulation, CST Microwave Studio, high-temperature superconductors, antennas

Julius Ritter

 

Graduate theses | Rebecca Sack M. Sc.

BA/MA | Novel magnetic bioassays for the detection of viral RNA using reactive magnetic clusters
Target DNA
Target DNA

Established methods for the diagnosis of diseases such as real-time PCR require many sophisticated sample preparation steps. The DNA assays developed at emg are based on the resizing of a system of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) when a specific target sequence is present in the sample. DNA nanotechnologies are used to initially separate connected MNPs (clusters) from each other, which can be detected by magnetic sensors. Since biological elements do not contribute to the magnetic measurement signal, the magnetic assays are promising for "mix and measure" detection, which significantly simplifies the performance of the tests.


Current research questions:

  •     Realising viral detection without complex extraction steps
  •     Ensuring the specificity of the magnetic assays
  •     Adaptation to alternative RNA targets

Keywords: DNA/RNA detection, magnetism

Rebecca Sack

 

Graduate theses | Marjan Schubert, M. Sc.

MA | Evaluation of magnetic field sensors for vehicle speed measurement

A few years ago, the institute developed a system based on magnetic field sensors for measuring the speed of vehicles.
The system was tested and further developed in collaboration with the PTB.
Now the electronics used in the test setup are to be adapted to the special requirements of speed measurement.
This includes the development of suitable electronics and data processing with a microcontroller.

Previous knowledge: Experience with microcontroller programming

Keywords: AMR sensors, microcontroller, speed measurement

BA/MA | Operation of quantum computers with ion traps
Ionenfalle
Ionenfalle

Quantum computers differ from conventional computers in many ways. While conventional systems perform calculations based on the logic levels ‘0’ and ‘1’, quantum computers use quantum bits (qubits). Qubits can be generated from different quantum states. In the Quantum Valley Lower Saxony (QVLS) project, the spins of electrons of several trapped ions are used as quantum states. Due to their scalability, quantum computers based on ion traps are a promising approach for surpassing the performance of conventional computers (quantum superiority).

Electric fields generated by a resonator are used to trap the ions, which float at a height of 90 µm above the trap surface shown in the figure. The optimisation of the generation of the electric fields and the dynamic impedance matching is urgently required due to the close proximity to the information carriers. Promising components of a final thesis can be tested on a test setup of the quantum computer in Hanover.
Tasks range from design and simulation of different coil geometries, circuit/board design and 3D printing.

Prior knowledge: Depending on the task

Keywords: quantum computer, ion traps, RF resonator

Marjan Schubert

 

Graduate theses | Marc-André Tucholke, M. Sc.

BA/MA | Creation of a surface profile with an optical microscope

A travelling optical microscope is used for measurements at the EMG. The images from the microscope are displayed as a live stream. The microscope only has a limited distance at which objects can be displayed sharply. Some of the objects to be imaged have different heights. As part of this thesis, the camera is to be moved in height and a series of images taken. The areas in focus are then to be selected from the individual images and displayed in an overall composition.
In addition, the height from which the areas were selected is to be saved in order to create a surface profile.

Prior knowledge: Basic knowledge of Python

Keywords: digital image processing, image composition, programming

Erstellung eines Oberflächenprofils mit einem optischen Mikroskop
Erstellung eines Oberflächenprofils mit einem optischen Mikroskop

Marc-André Tucholke

 

Graduate theses | Yihao Wang

BA/MA | Magnetic bioassays with ultrasensitive magnetic nanoparticles
Magnetische Bioassays
Magnetische Bioassays mit ultra-empfindlichen magnetischen Nanopartikeln

Our interdisziplinary research group focuses on detecting specific targets, such as nucleic acids and proteins, using our custom magnetic nanoparticles. For this purpose, we have employed various measurement technologies, wherein magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) emerges as the most frequently used method due to ist fast signal delivery and ease of use. In this thesis, we aim to better understand and differentiate the factors affecting signal changes in MPS, such as separating the influence of molecular weights from that of hydrodynamic sizes. Additionally, how the absolute change in particle size correlates to the signal chang observed in MPS should be thoroughly investigated.


Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticles, DNA nanotechnology, Magnetic measurement methods

Yihao Wang

 

Graduate theses | Florian Wolgast, M.Sc.

BA | Linear power amplifier for generating spectrally pure magnetic fields

A wide variety of magnetic measurement methods are available for the characterisation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), e.g. (field-dependent) AC susceptibility or magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS). What they have in common is that they must first generate a magnetic field in order to excite the nanoparticles. The power required for this is provided by a power amplifier, which must fulfil high linearity requirements in order to obtain a spectrally pure magnetic field. These requirements cannot be met by a single amplifier, which is why a combined approach is necessary.

The aim of this thesis is to develop a composite amplifier consisting of an arrangement of two individual amplifiers in order to benefit from the advantages of both amplifiers, such as high linearity and low noise.

Previous knowledge: Hardware hobbyist, measurement electronics, operational amplifiers, independence

Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticles, magnetic measurement methods, circuit board layout

MA | Integration of MPS Hardware for immunoassays

In our interdisciplinary group for magnetic nanoparticles, we are developing a highly sensitive and specific detection method based on magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS), which enables us, for example, to detect virus fragments and DNA.For this we need support in our hardware team.As part of the Master's thesis, existing hardware concepts are to be taken up and further developed.The focus is on the integration of the hardware in order to build a highly sensitive, compact and easy-to-use MPS table-top device to further improve the detection limit of biological analytes.

Previous knowledge: Hardware hobbyist, measurement electronics, programming skills (C, C++, C#)

Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticles, detection of DNA, viruses & DNA

Florian Wolgast

 

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